CCPenX-Az Certified Cloud Pentesting eXpert - Azure Question and Answers

Detailed Solution:

Query role assignments for the managed identity principal:

az role assignment list \

--assignee b72a4c19-92f6-47f3-b3dd-9db5a31831d1 \

--all \

--output table

Expected output:

Principal Role Scope

------------------------------------ ---------------------- ----------------------------------------------

b72a4c19-92f6-47f3-b3dd-9db5a31831d1 Key Vault Secrets User /subscriptions/.../resourceGroups/rg-prod-apps-eastus

The assigned role is:

Key Vault Secrets User

Azure RBAC role assignments can be granted to users, groups, service principals, and managed identities.

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Detailed Solution:

In Azure Storage SAS tokens, sp means signed permissions.

For blob/container access:

r = read

l = list

w = write

d = delete

c = create

a = add

Given:

sp=rl

The permissions are:

Read + List

Correct answer:

A. Read and List

SAS tokens grant delegated access to Azure Storage resources and must be handled like secrets.

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Detailed Solution:

List NSG rules:

az network nsg rule list \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--nsg-name nsg-prod-linux01 \

--output table

Expected risky rule:

Name Priority Direction Access Protocol Source DestinationPortRange

------------ -------- --------- ------ -------- ------------ --------------------

Allow-SSH 100 Inbound Allow Tcp Internet 22

SSH exposed directly to the Internet is risky because it increases brute-force, credential-stuffing, and remote exploitation exposure. In a hardened Azure environment, SSH should typically be restricted through VPN, Bastion, JIT access, or trusted administrative IP ranges.

Correct answer:

B. Allow TCP 22 from Internet

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Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

Detailed Solution:

Query App Service settings:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name finance-reporting-api \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--output json

Search for suspicious keys:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name finance-reporting-api \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--query " [?contains(name, ' FLAG ' ) || contains(name, ' Flag ' ) || contains(name, ' SECRET ' )] " \

--output table

Expected output:

Name SlotSetting Value

---------- ------------- ----------------------------------------

APP_FLAG False Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

The flag is:

Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}

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rg-prod-apps-eastus

Detailed Solution:

List accessible resource groups:

az group list --output table

For a cleaner search:

az group list \

--query " [?contains(name, ' prod ' )].{Name:name,Location:location} " \

--output table

Expected output:

Name Location

-------------------- ----------

rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus

The resource group containing prod is:

rg-prod-apps-eastus

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The answer is the clientId, appId, or applicationId value inside the credential file downloaded from the sensitive-files container.

Detailed Solution:

List blobs inside the accessible container:

az storage blob list \

--account-name excaliburstore \

--container-name sensitive-files \

--sas-token " $SAS " \

--query " [].name " \

--output table

Download all files locally:

mkdir blobloot

az storage blob download-batch \

--account-name excaliburstore \

--source sensitive-files \

--destination blobloot \

--sas-token " $SAS "

Search the downloaded files for application credentials:

grep -RniE " clientId|appId|applicationId|clientSecret|tenantId|secret|password " blobloot

On Windows PowerShell:

Select-String -Path .\blobloot\* -Pattern " clientId|appId|applicationId|clientSecret|tenantId|secret|password " -CaseSensitive:$false

A typical file may look like this:

{

" tenantId " : " f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b " ,

" clientId " : " < application-client-id > " ,

" clientSecret " : " < application-client-secret > "

}

The clientId / appId value is the answer.

Final Answer:

Use the clientId / appId value found in the blob credential file.

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