JN0-636 Security Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Question and Answers

This is the port used for encrypted communication between the SRX series device and the Juniper ATP Appliance

In order to enroll an SRX Series device with Juniper ATP Appliance, the firewall device must have port 443 open. Port 443 is the default port used for HTTPS traffic, the communication between the SRX Series device and the ATP Appliance needs to be encrypted, that's why this port should be opened.

NAT (Network Address Translation) is a method to map one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. There are different types of NAT, one of them is the persistent NAT which is a type of NAT that allows you to map the same internal IP address to the same external IP address each time a host initiates a connection.

According to the Juniper documentation, the steps to detect domain generation algorithms (DGA) on an SRX Series firewall are as follows:

• Define a security-metadata-streaming policy under [edit services]. A security-metadata-streaming policy is a configuration that enables the SRX Series firewall to collect and stream security metadata, such as DNS queries and responses, to Juniper ATP Cloud for analysis. Juniper ATP Cloud uses machine learning models and known pre-computed DGA domain names to provide domain verdicts, which helps in-line blocking and sinkholing of DNS queries on SRX Series firewalls1. You can define a security-metadata-streaming policy by using the following command:

set services security-metadata-streaming policy

• Attach the security-metadata-streaming policy to a security zone. A security zone is a logical grouping of interfaces that have similar security requirements. You can attach the security-metadata-streaming policy to a security zone by using the following command:

set security zones security-zone services security-metadata-streaming policy

The following steps are not required or incorrect:

• Define an advanced-anti-malware policy under [edit services]. An advanced-anti-malware policy is a configuration that enables the SRX Series firewall to scan files for malware using Juniper ATP Cloud. It is not related to DGA detection2.
• Attach the advanced-anti-malware policy to a security policy. A security policy is a configuration that defines the rules for permitting or denying traffic between security zones. It is not related to DGA detection3.

References: 1: Configuring Security Metadata Streaming 2: Configuring Advanced Anti-Malware Policies 3: Configuring Security Policies

The Juniper ATP Appliance platform collects, inspects and analyzes advanced and stealthy web, file, and email-based threats that exploit and infiltrate client browsers, operating systems, emails and applications. Juniper ATP Appliance’s detection of malicious attacks generates incident and event details that can be sent to connected SIEM platforms in CEF, LEEF or Syslog formats1. CEF (Common Event Format) is an open log management standard that improves the interoperability of security-related information from different vendors2. Juniper ATP Appliance supports CEF format for sending events and system audit notifications to SIEM servers. You can configure the CEF format in the Juniper ATP Appliance Central Manager WebUI Config > Notifications > SIEM Settings1. Therefore, the correct answer is C. CEF is a supported logging output format for Juniper ATP Appliance. The other options are incorrect because:

• A. WELF (WebTrends Enhanced Log Format) is a proprietary log format developed by WebTrends Corporation for web analytics3. Juniper ATP Appliance does not support WELF format for SIEM integration.
• B. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format that is easy for humans and machines to read and write4. Juniper ATP Appliance supports JSON format for HTTP API results, but not for SIEM notifications1.
• D. Binary is a numeric system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1. Binary is not a logging output format for Juniper ATP Appliance or any SIEM platform.

References:

• SIEM Syslog, LEEF and CEF Logging
• Common Event Format Configuration Guide
• WebTrends Enhanced Log Format
• JSON

The two valid modes for the Juniper ATP Appliance are all-in-one and core. The all-in-one mode is a single appliance that performs both the collector and the core functions. The collector function collects traffic from the network and sends it to the core function for analysis and detection. The core function performs the threat detection, mitigation, and analytics. The all-in-one mode is suitable for small to medium-sized networks that do not require high scalability or performance. The core mode is a dedicated appliance that performs only the core function. The core mode is used in conjunction with one or more collector appliances that collect traffic from the network and send it to the core appliance for analysis and detection. The core mode is suitable for large-scale networks that require high scalability and performance. References: Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Reference Materials source and documents: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-atp-appliance-overview.html

The two steps that will fulfill the requirement of deploying a security policy on an SRX Series device that blocks all known Tor network IP addresses are enrolling the devices with Juniper ATP Cloud and enabling a third-party Tor feed. Juniper ATP Cloud is a cloud-based service that provides advanced threat detection and mitigation capabilities for SRX Series devices. By enrolling the devices with Juniper ATP Cloud, the devices can leverage the cloud intelligence and analytics to identify and block malicious traffic, including Tor traffic. A third-party Tor feed is a source of information that provides a list of IP addresses that are associated with the Tor network. By enabling a third-party Tor feed on the SRX Series device, the device can use the feed to create a dynamic address object that contains all the known Tor IP addresses. The device can then apply a security policy that denies traffic from or to the dynamic address object, effectively blocking the Tor network IP addresses. References: Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Reference Materials source and documents: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-atp-cloud-overview.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/task/configuration/security-intelligence-third-party-feed-configuring.html

According to the Juniper documentation, filter-based forwarding (FBF) is a technique that allows the SRX Series device to forward packets based on firewall filter rules, rather than the default routing table1. FBF can be used to implement policy-based routing, load balancing, or traffic engineering2. To deploy FBF on the SRX Series device for incoming traffic sourced from the 10.10.100.0/24 network, the following steps are required:

• You must create a forwarding-type routing instance. A forwarding-type routing instance is a special type of routing instance that is used for FBF. It does not have any interfaces or routing protocols associated with it, but it has its own routing table that can be populated by static routes, RIB groups, or routing policies3. You can create a forwarding-type routing instance by using the following command:

set routing-instances instance-type forwarding

• You must create and apply a firewall filter that matches on the source address 10.10.100.0/24 and then sends this traffic to your routing instance. A firewall filter is a set of rules that can match on various packet attributes, such as source and destination addresses, ports, protocols, and so on. You can use the then routing-instance action to specify the routing instance that the packet should be forwarded to4. You can create and apply a firewall filter by using the following commands:

set firewall family inet filter term from source-address 10.10.100.0/24 set firewall family inet filter term then routing-instance  set interfaces unit family inet filter input

• You must create a RIB group that adds interface routes to your routing instance. A RIB group is a mechanism that allows you to import routes from one routing table to another. You can use a RIB group to add the interface routes of the ingress interface to the routing table of the forwarding-type routing instance. This will ensure that the SRX device can forward the packets to the correct next hop based on the destination address5. You can create a RIB group by using the following commands:

set routing-options rib-groups import-rib inet.0 set routing-options rib-groups import-rib .inet.0 set routing-instances routing-options instance-import

The following steps are not required or incorrect:

• You do not need to create a VRF-type routing instance. A VRF-type routing instance is a type of routing instance that is used for virtual routing and forwarding. It allows you to create multiple logical routers on the same physical device, each with its own interfaces, routing protocols, and routing tables. VRF-type routing instances are typically used for VPNs, MPLS, or network segmentation. However, they are not necessary for FBF, which can be achieved with a forwarding-type routing instance.
• You do not need to create and apply a firewall filter that matches on the destination address 10.10.100.0/24 and then sends this traffic to your routing instance. This would be redundant and unnecessary, as the destination address of the incoming traffic is already determined by the routing table of the forwarding-type routing instance. Moreover, this would create a loop, as the traffic would be sent back to the same routing instance that it came from.

References: 1: Filter-Based Forwarding Overview 2: Configuring Filter-Based Forwarding 3: forwarding (Routing Instances) 4: routing-instance (Firewall Filter Action) 5: Configuring RIB Groups : [vrf (Routing Instances)]

Juniper ATP Cloud provides zero-day malware protection for non-Juniper firewalls. It's a cloud-based service that analyzes files and network traffic to detect and prevent known and unknown (zero-day) threats. It uses a combination of static and dynamic analysis techniques, as well as machine learning, to detect and block malicious files, even if they are not known to traditional anti-virus software. It also provides real-time visibility and detailed forensics for incident response and remediation.

The three profiles that are configurable in a threat prevention policy are infected host profile, C&C profile, and malware profile. A threat prevention policy is a feature of Juniper ATP Cloud that provides protection and monitoring for selected threat profiles, including command and control servers, infected hosts, and malware. Using feeds from Juniper ATP Cloud and optional custom feeds that you configure, ingress and egress traffic is monitored for suspicious content and behavior. Based on a threat score, detected threats are evaluated and action may be taken once a verdict is reached. You can create a threat prevention policy by selecting one or more of the following profiles:

• Infected host profile: This profile detects and blocks traffic from hosts that are infected with malware or compromised by attackers. You can configure the threat score thresholds and the actions for different levels of severity. You can also enable Geo IP filtering to block traffic from or to specific countries or regions.
• C&C profile: This profile detects and blocks traffic to or from command and control servers that are used by attackers to control malware or botnets. You can configure the threat score thresholds and the actions for different levels of severity. You can also enable Geo IP filtering to block traffic from or to specific countries or regions.
• Malware profile: This profile detects and blocks traffic that contains malware or malicious content. You can configure the threat score thresholds and the actions for different levels of severity. You can also enable protocol-specific settings for HTTP and SMTP traffic, such as file type filtering, file size filtering, and file name filtering.

The other two profiles, device profile and SSL proxy profile, are not configurable in a threat prevention policy. A device profile is a feature of Policy Enforcer that defines the device type, the device group, and the device settings for the SRX Series devices that are enrolled with Juniper ATP Cloud. An SSL proxy profile is a feature of SRX Series devices that enables SSL proxy to decrypt and inspect SSL/TLS traffic for threats and policy violations.

References: Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Reference Materials source and documents: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos-space23.1/policy-enforcer/topics/concept/threat-management-policy-overview.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos-space23.1/policy-enforcer/topics/task/configuration/junos-space-policy-enforcer-threat-management-policy-configure.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-policy-enforcer-device-profile-overview.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-ssl-proxy-overview.html

The exhibit shows the output of the show security mka sessions summary command on an SRX Series device. This command displays the status of the MACsec Key Agreement (MKA) sessions on the device. In the output, we can see that there are two CAKs configured for the interface ge-0/0/1 - FFFF and EEEE. The CAK named FFFF has the type preceding and the status live. The CAK named EEEE has the type fallback and the status active.

The two statements that are true about the CAK status for the CAK named FFFF are:

• CAK is not used for encryption and decryption of the MACsec session. This is because the CAK is only used for authentication and key exchange between the MACsec peers. The CAK is not used for encrypting or decrypting the MACsec traffic. The encryption and decryption of the MACsec session is done by the Secure Association Key (SAK), which is derived from the CAK using the MKA protocol.
• SAK is not generated using this key. This is because the CAK named FFFF has the type preceding, which means that it is a legacy key that is used for backward compatibility with older MACsec devices. The preceding key is not used for generating the SAK, but only for authenticating the MACsec peers. The SAK is generated using the active key, which is the CAK named EEEE in this case.

References: Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Reference Materials source and documents: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/reference/command-summary/show-security-mka-sessions-summary.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-macsec-overview.html

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/release-independent/jatp/topics/task/configuration/jatp-traffic-collectorsetting-ssh-honeypot-detection.html

The exhibit shows the output of the "show interfaces ge-0/0/5.0 extensive" command on an SRX Series device. The output includes a section called "Security" that lists the protocols that are allowed on the ge-0/0/5.0 interface. The protocols that are allowed on the ge-0/0/5.0 interface are:

• OSPF
• DHCP
• NTP

It's important to notice that the output don't have IBGP, IPsec, so these protocols are not allowed on the ge-0/0/5.0 interface.

You must set up a DDoS solution for your ISP. The solution must be agile and not block legitimate traffic. The two products that will accomplish this task are:

• B. MX Series device. MX Series devices are high-performance routers that can provide DDoS protection at the network edge by integrating with Corero SmartWall Threat Defense Director (TDD) software. MX Series devices can leverage the packet processing capabilities of the MX-SPC3 Services Card to perform real-time DDoS detection and mitigation at line rate, scaling from 50 Gbps to 40 Tbps. MX Series devices can also use Juniper Networks Security Intelligence (SecIntel) to receive threat intelligence feeds from Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper Threat Labs and apply them to the security policies. MX Series devices can provide an agile and effective DDoS solution for your ISP without blocking legitimate traffic12.
• C. Corero SmartWall TDD. Corero SmartWall TDD is a software solution that runs on MX Series devices and PTX Series devices to provide DDoS protection at the network edge. Corero SmartWall TDD uses behavioral analytics and detailed network visibility to detect and block DDoS attacks in seconds, without affecting the normal traffic. Corero SmartWall TDD can also provide advanced protection from “carpet bombing” attacks, 5G DDoS visibility, and multi-tenant portal for as-a-service offerings or views by department within an enterprise. Corero SmartWall TDD can provide an agile and effective DDoS solution for your ISP without blocking legitimate traffic34.

The other options are incorrect because:

• A. Contrail Insights. Contrail Insights is a software solution that provides network analytics and visibility for cloud and data center environments. Contrail Insights can help you monitor, troubleshoot, and optimize the performance and security of your network, but it does not provide DDoS protection by itself. Contrail Insights can integrate with other Juniper products, such as Contrail Enterprise Multicloud, Contrail Service Orchestration, and AppFormix, to provide a comprehensive network management solution, but it is not a DDoS solution for your ISP5.
• D. SRX Series device. SRX Series devices are high-performance firewalls that can provide DDoS protection at the network perimeter by integrating with Juniper ATP Cloud and Juniper Threat Labs. SRX Series devices can use SecIntel to receive threat intelligence feeds from Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper Threat Labs and apply them to the security policies. SRX Series devices can also use IDP to detect and prevent application-level attacks, such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and buffer overflow. SRX Series devices can provide a robust and effective DDoS solution for your network, but they are not designed to handle high-volume DDoS attacks at the network edge, as MX Series devices and Corero SmartWall TDD are .

References:

• Juniper and Corero Joint DDoS Protection Solution
• MX-SPC3 Services Card Overview
• Corero SmartWall Threat Defense Director (TDD)
• Juniper Networks and Corero: A Modern Approach to DDoS Protection at Scale
• Contrail Insights Overview
• [SRX Series Services Gateways]
• [Juniper Networks Security Intelligence (SecIntel)]

According to the output of the traceoptions file called radius, the source of the problem is that the RADIUS server IP address is unreachable. This is indicated by the line FAILURE: sendto: No route to host, which shows that the SRX device cannot send the authentication request to the RADIUS server. This could be due to a network issue, such as a misconfigured route, a firewall blocking the traffic, or a physical link failure.

To troubleshoot this issue, the user should check the following:

• The RADIUS server IP address and port are correctly configured on the SRX device. The user can verify this by using the command show configuration access radius-server1.
• The SRX device can ping the RADIUS server IP address. The user can use the command ping  to test the connectivity2.
• The SRX device has a valid route to the RADIUS server IP address. The user can use the command show route  to check the routing table3.
• The SRX device and the RADIUS server are using the same shared secret key. The user can verify this by using the command show configuration access radius-server secret1.
• The SRX device and the RADIUS server are using the same authentication protocol. The user can verify this by using the command show configuration access profile 4.
• The firewall policies on the SRX device and any intermediate devices are allowing the RADIUS traffic. The user can use the command show security policies from-zone to-zone  to check the firewall policies5.

References: 1: Configuring RADIUS Server Parameters 2: ping - Technical Documentation - Support - Juniper Networks 3: show route - Technical Documentation - Support - Juniper Networks 4: Configuring Authentication Profiles 5: show security policies - Technical Documentation - Support - Juniper Networks

According to the Juniper documentation, the local identity for an IPsec VPN tunnel must match the remote identity of the peer device. The local identity can be configured as an IP address, a hostname, a distinguished name, or an advpn identifier. The advpn identifier is used for dynamic VPNs that support multiple remote endpoints. In the exhibit, the corporate device has the local identity configured as inet advpn, which means it expects the branch1 device to have the same remote identity. However, the branch1 device has the local identity configured as inet, which does not match the corporate device’s remote identity. Therefore, the IKE negotiation fails and the IPsec tunnel is not established. To solve this problem, the local identity on the branch1 device should be changed to inet advpn, so that it matches the corporate device’s remote identity. References: [Configuring an IKE Gateway] 1, [Configuring Local and Remote Identities] 2

1: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/vpn-ipsec/topics/task/configuration/security-ike-gateway-configuring.html  2: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/vpn-ipsec/topics/topic-map/security-ipsec-vpn-identities.html

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/multicast-l2/topics/ref/statement/family-ethernet-switching-edit-interfaces-qfx-series.html#statement-name-statement__d26608e73

You want traffic to avoid the flow daemon for administrative tasks. In this scenario, the two stateless services that are available with selective stateless packet-based services are:

• A. Layer 2 switching. Layer 2 switching is a stateless service that forwards packets based on the MAC addresses of the source and destination hosts. Layer 2 switching does not require any routing or flow processing, and can be performed by the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of the SRX Series device. You can use selective stateless packet-based services to enable Layer 2 switching for traffic that matches a stateless firewall filter. The firewall filter must have the packet-mode action modifier to bypass the flow daemon1.
• B. IPv4 routing. IPv4 routing is a stateless service that forwards packets based on the IP addresses of the source and destination hosts. IPv4 routing does not require any flow processing, and can be performed by the PFE of the SRX Series device. You can use selective stateless packet-based services to enable IPv4 routing for traffic that matches a stateless firewall filter. The firewall filter must have the packet-mode action modifier to bypass the flow daemon1.

The other options are incorrect because:

• C. IPsec. IPsec is a stateful service that provides security and encryption for IP packets. IPsec requires flow processing, and cannot be performed by the PFE of the SRX Series device. You cannot use selective stateless packet-based services to enable IPsec for traffic that matches a stateless firewall filter. The firewall filter cannot have the packet-mode action modifier to bypass the flow daemon2.
• D. IPv6 routing. IPv6 routing is a stateful service that forwards packets based on the IP addresses of the source and destination hosts. IPv6 routing requires flow processing, and cannot be performed by the PFE of the SRX Series device. You cannot use selective stateless packet-based services to enable IPv6 routing for traffic that matches a stateless firewall filter. The firewall filter cannot have the packet-mode action modifier to bypass the flow daemon3.

References:

• Selective Stateless Packet-Based Services Overview
• IPsec VPN Overview
• IPv6 Overview

Your company wants to take your Juniper ATP Appliance into private mode. You must give them a list of impacted features for this request. The two features that are impacted in this scenario are:

• A. False Positive Reporting. False Positive Reporting is a feature that allows you to report false positive detections to Juniper Networks for analysis and improvement. False Positive Reporting requires an Internet connection to send the reports to Juniper Networks. If you take your Juniper ATP Appliance into private mode, False Positive Reporting will be disabled and you will not be able to report false positives1.
• C. GSS Telemetry. GSS Telemetry is a feature that allows you to send anonymized threat data to Juniper Networks for analysis and improvement. GSS Telemetry requires an Internet connection to send the data to Juniper Networks. If you take your Juniper ATP Appliance into private mode, GSS Telemetry will be disabled and you will not be able to contribute to the threat intelligence community2.

The other options are incorrect because:

• B. Threat Progression Monitoring. Threat Progression Monitoring is a feature that allows you to monitor the threat activity and progression across your network. Threat Progression Monitoring does not require an Internet connection and can be performed locally by the Juniper ATP Appliance. If you take your Juniper ATP Appliance into private mode, Threat Progression Monitoring will not be impacted and you will still be able to monitor the threat activity and progression3.
• D. Cyber Kill Chain mapping. Cyber Kill Chain mapping is a feature that allows you to map the threat activity and progression to the stages of the Cyber Kill Chain framework. Cyber Kill Chain mapping does not require an Internet connection and can be performed locally by the Juniper ATP Appliance. If you take your Juniper ATP Appliance into private mode, Cyber Kill Chain mapping will not be impacted and you will still be able to map the threat activity and progression4.

References:

• False Positive Reporting
• GSS Telemetry
• Threat Progression Monitoring
• Cyber Kill Chain Mapping

Proxy ARP is a technique used by routers to answer ARP requests on one network segment on behalf of hosts on another network segment. This is useful in situations where a host on one network segment needs to communicate with a host on another network segment, but the two hosts are not directly connected. In this case, the router acts as a proxy, answering ARP requests on behalf of the other host. In the exhibit, the vSRX device is configured to use a pool of addresses that are in the same subnet as the external interface ge-0/0/0 for source NAT. This means that the vSRX device will translate the source IP address of the internal hosts to one of the addresses in the pool before sending the packets to the external network. However, the external hosts will not know how to reach the NATed addresses, since they are not directly connected to the vSRX device. They will send ARP requests for the NATed addresses, expecting to receive a MAC address from the vSRX device. If proxy ARP is not enabled on the vSRX device, it will not respond to these ARP requests, since it does not have the NATed addresses configured on its interface. The ARP requests will time out and the packets will be dropped by the external hosts or the service provider router. To solve this problem, proxy ARP must be enabled on the vSRX device for the NATed addresses. This will allow the vSRX device to respond to the ARP requests from the external hosts, providing its own MAC address as the destination. The external hosts will then send the packets to the vSRX device, which will reverse the NAT and forward the packets to the internal hosts. References:

• Configuring Proxy ARP (CLI Procedure)
• [SRX] When and how to configure Proxy ARP (https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/SRX-Dynamic-VPN-scenario-for-configuring-Proxy-ARP-on-SRX?language=en_US)

You are required to secure a network against malware. You must ensure that in the event that a compromised host is identified within the network, the host is isolated from the rest of the network. In this scenario, after a threat has been identified, the two components that are responsible for enforcing MAC-level infected host are:

• C. Policy Enforcer. Policy Enforcer is a software solution that integrates with Juniper ATP Cloud and Juniper ATP Appliance to provide automated threat remediation across the network. Policy Enforcer can receive threat intelligence feeds from Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper ATP Appliance and apply them to the security policies on the SRX Series devices and the EX Series devices. Policy Enforcer can also enforce MAC-level infected host, which is a feature that allows you to quarantine a compromised host by blocking its MAC address on the switch port. Policy Enforcer can communicate with the EX Series devices and instruct them to apply the MAC-level infected host policy to the infected host1.
• D. EX Series device. EX Series devices are Ethernet switches that can provide Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching capabilities and security features. EX Series devices can integrate with Policy Enforcer and Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper ATP Appliance to provide automated threat remediation across the network. EX Series devices can support MAC-level infected host, which is a feature that allows them to quarantine a compromised host by blocking its MAC address on the switch port. EX Series devices can receive instructions from Policy Enforcer and apply the MAC-level infected host policy to the infected host2.

The other options are incorrect because:

• A. SRX Series device. SRX Series devices are high-performance firewalls that can provide Layer 3 and Layer 4 security features and integrate with Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper ATP Appliance to provide advanced threat prevention. SRX Series devices can receive threat intelligence feeds from Juniper ATP Cloud or Juniper ATP Appliance and apply them to the security policies. However, SRX Series devices cannot enforce MAC-level infected host, which is a feature that requires Layer 2 switching capabilities and is supported by EX Series devices3.
• B. Juniper ATP Appliance. Juniper ATP Appliance is a hardware solution that provides advanced threat prevention by detecting and blocking malware, ransomware, and other cyberattacks. Juniper ATP Appliance can analyze the network traffic and identify the compromised hosts based on their behavior and communication patterns. Juniper ATP Appliance can also send threat intelligence feeds to Policy Enforcer and SRX Series devices to enable automated threat remediation across the network. However, Juniper ATP Appliance cannot enforce MAC-level infected host, which is a feature that requires Layer 2 switching capabilities and is supported by EX Series devices.

References:

• Policy Enforcer Overview
• EX Series Switches Overview
• SRX Series Services Gateways Overview
• [Juniper ATP Appliance Overview]

The output shown in the exhibit is from the command “show security flow session family inet6”. This command displays the IPv6 flow sessions on the SRX Series device. The output shows that there are two total sessions, both of which are valid. This means that the SRX Series device is configured with flow-based IPv6 forwarding options. Flow-based IPv6 forwarding options enable the device to process IPv6 packets using the security policies, NAT, and other security features. To configure flow-based IPv6 forwarding options, use the command set security forwarding-options family inet6 mode flow-based and reboot the device. References:

• show security flow session family inet6
• Configuring Flow-Based IPv6 Forwarding Options
• SRX Getting Started - Configure IPv6

The suspicious_Endpoints feed is a dynamic address group that is created by Juniper ATP Cloud based on the IoT device discovery and policy enforcement feature. This feature allows the SRX Series device to send IoT traffic to Juniper ATP Cloud for analysis and classification. Juniper ATP Cloud then creates a threat feed that contains the IP addresses of the suspicious IoT devices and sends it back to the SRX Series device. The SRX Series device can then use this feed to create and enforce security policies for the IoT traffic. The suspicious_Endpoints feed is usable by any SRX Series device that is a part of the same realm as SRX-1, because the feed is shared among the devices that belong to the same Juniper ATP Cloud realm. Juniper ATP Cloud automatically creates the suspicious_Endpoints feed after you commit the security policy that references the feed, because the feed is dynamically generated based on the IoT traffic analysis. You do not need to manually create the feed in the Juniper ATP Cloud interface. References:

• Example- Configure IoT Device Discovery and Policy Enforcement
• Juniper Advanced Threat Prevention Cloud Policy Overview

https://www.juniper.net/us/en/products-services/security/advanced-threat-prevention/

The exhibit shows the output of the show security macsec statistics interface ge-0/0/70 detail command on an SRX Series device. This command displays the statistics for the Media Access Control Security (MACsec) feature on the ge-0/0/70 interface. MACsec is a feature that provides point-to-point security on Ethernet links by using encryption and data integrity checks. MACsec uses two types of keys to secure the traffic: the Connectivity Association Key (CAK) and the Secure Association Key (SAK). The CAK is used for authentication and key exchange between the MACsec peers. The SAK is used for encryption and decryption of the MACsec traffic.

The two statements that are true based on the exhibit are:

• The data that traverses the ge-0/0/70 interface is secured by a secure association key. This is because the exhibit shows that the interface has a Secure Channel (SC) and a Secure Association (SA) established. The SC is a logical connection between the MACsec peers that carries the encrypted traffic. The SA is a subset of the SC that contains the SAK and other parameters for encrypting and decrypting the traffic. The exhibit shows that the interface has encrypted and protected packets, which means that the traffic is secured by the SAK.
• The data that traverses the ge-0/0/70 interface cannot be intercepted and read by anyone. This is because the exhibit shows that the interface has encryption enabled. The encryption option indicates whether the MACsec traffic is encrypted or not. If encryption is enabled, the traffic is encrypted by the SAK and cannot be viewed by anyone monitoring the link. If encryption is disabled, the traffic is only protected by the SAK and can be viewed by anyone monitoring the link.

References: Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Reference Materials source and documents: https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/reference/command-summary/show-security-macsec-statistics-interface-detail.html https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/concept/security-macsec-overview.html

To enable inter-tenant communication with tenant system, you need to use an external router or a logical tunnel interface. The other options are incorrect because:

• A. Interconnecting EVPN switch is not a valid solution for inter-tenant communication with tenant system. EVPN (Ethernet VPN) is a technology that provides layer 2 connectivity over an IP network. It can be used to connect different logical systems on the same device, but not tenant systems. Tenant systems are isolated from each other and do not share the same layer 2 domain1.
• B. Interconnecting VPLS switch is also not a valid solution for inter-tenant communication with tenant system. VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is another technology that provides layer 2 connectivity over an IP network. It can also be used to connect different logical systems on the same device, but not tenant systems. Tenant systems are isolated from each other and do not share the same layer 2 domain1.

Therefore, the correct answer is C and D. You need to use an external router or a logical tunnel interface to enable inter-tenant communication with tenant system. To do so, you need to perform the following steps:

• For external router, you need to connect the external router to the interfaces of the tenant systems that you want to communicate with. You also need to configure the routing protocols and policies on the external router and the tenant systems to exchange routes and traffic. The external router acts as a gateway between the tenant systems and provides layer 3 connectivity2.
• For logical tunnel interface, you need to create a logical tunnel interface on the device and assign it to a tenant system. You also need to configure the IP address and routing protocols on the logical tunnel interface and the tenant systems that you want to communicate with. The logical tunnel interface acts as a virtual link between the tenant systems and provides layer 3 connectivity3.

References:

• Tenant Systems Overview
• Example: Configuring Inter-Tenant Communication Using External Router
• Example: Configuring Inter-Tenant Communication Using Logical Tunnel Interface

The exhibit shows a security policy configuration with a threshold of 1000 policy violations by a source network identifier and a threshold of 10 policy violations to an application within a specified period. If either of these thresholds are exceeded, an alarm will be generated. Therefore, the correct answer is A and D. The other options are incorrect because:

• B. The ratio of policy violation traffic compared to accepted traffic is not a criterion for triggering an alarm. The security policy configuration does not specify any ratio or percentage of policy violation traffic that would cause an alarm.
• C. The number of policy violation by a destination TCP port is also not a criterion for triggering an alarm. The security policy configuration does not specify any threshold or duration for policy violation by a destination TCP port.

References:

• policy (Security Alarms)
• Monitoring Security Policy Violations