H12-725_V4.0 HCIP-Security V4.0 Exam Question and Answers

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Health checkensuresnetwork reliabilityby detecting link failures.

Supports multiple protocols: ICMP, TCP, UDP, DNS, and HTTP.

Works with PBR (Policy-Based Routing):

Health checkmonitors link status, and if a failure is detected,PBR dynamically switches to an alternate path.

Why is C false?

Health check CAN be used with PBRto ensure traffic is routed via healthy links.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Health Check Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Threshold settings in firewalls allow administrators to define:

Alarm threshold→ When exceeded, logs are generated.

Block threshold→ When exceeded, the action is blocked.

Why is B false?

The alarm threshold does not block traffic; it only generates logs.

Only the block threshold enforces blocking actions.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → HTTP Traffic Control

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

DDoS defense mechanisms rely on threshold settingsto distinguish between normal and attack traffic.

Thresholds define:

Maximumallowedtraffic volume.

When exceeded, firewallstrigger mitigation actions(blocking, rate-limiting, etc.).

Why is this statement true?

Threshold-based detection is a fundamental part of DDoS mitigation.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → DDoS Attack Prevention Thresholds

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SSL VPN authorization is role-based:

Role-based policiesdetermine user permissions.

IP-based access controlensures users connect from allowed networks.

Why are B and C incorrect?

SSL VPN does not authenticate based on MAC address or port number.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SSL VPN Access Control

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SYN scanning is a stealthy TCP scanning technique used by attackers to detect open ports.

How SYN scanning works:

The attacker sends aSYN packetto a target port.

If the port isopen, the target responds with aSYN-ACK.

Instead of completing the handshake with anACK, the attacker sends anRST (reset) packet, leaving the connection half-open.

Why is this statement false?

SYN scanning does NOT establish a full connection (three-way handshake).

It may not always be recorded in system logs, depending on firewall settings.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → TCP SYN Scanning & Intrusion Detection

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SSL VPN remote access process includes:

User login→ User enters credentials on the virtual gateway.

User authentication→ Credentials are verified via RADIUS, LDAP, or local authentication.

Resource access→ The authenticated user accesses intranet resources.

Why is C incorrect?

SSL VPN does not perform "Access accounting"(which is used in RADIUS-based AAA systems).

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SSL VPN Authentication Process

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SYN scanning is a stealthy technique used to identify open ports on a target system without fully establishing a TCP connection.

How SYN scanning works:

The scanner sends aSYN packetto the target port.

The target responds based on the port state:

SYN-ACK → Port is open(Correct - D).

RST → Port is closed(Correct - A).

No response → The host does not exist, or a firewall is blocking it(Correct - B).

The scanner doesnot send an ACK(unlike a full TCP connection). Instead, it sends anRSTto avoid detection.

Why is C incorrect?

In SYN scanning, the scanner does NOT send an ACK to complete thehandshake. Instead, it sends an RST to abort the connection.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SYN Scanning Techniques

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

iMaster NCE-Campus does not have a built-in LDAP server.Instead, it integrates with external authentication servers such as:

RADIUS servers

Active Directory (AD) with LDAP

HWTACACS servers

Why is this statement false?

iMaster NCE-Campus can connect to LDAP but does not act as an LDAP server itself.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → iMaster NCE-Campus Authentication Integration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Heartbeat linksbetween firewalls ensuresynchronization and failover.

Layer 2 or Layer 3 configuration depends on deployment needs, but there isno strict 30% bandwidth rulefor Eth-Trunk heartbeat links.

Why is this statement false?

The30% threshold condition is incorrect.

Eth-Trunk heartbeat links aretypically Layer 3 for better failover and routing control.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall High Availability Deployment

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

RADIUS and HWTACACS are AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocols, but they have key differences:

RADIUS→ Encrypts only passwords (not the entire message).

HWTACACS→ Encrypts the entire packet, providing better security.

Command authorization:

RADIUS does not support command-level authorization.

HWTACACS supports per-command authorization(used in network device access control).

Why is C false?

RADIUS does not authorize configuration commands; HWTACACS does.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → RADIUS vs. HWTACACS

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Response actions for abnormal file identification in Huawei firewalls include:

A. Alert→ Logs the event but does not stop the file.

B. Block→ Prevents the file from being accessed or downloaded.

D. Delete→ Removes the malicious file before it reaches the user.

Why is C incorrect?

Allowing an identified abnormal file defeats the purpose of security enforcement.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → File Anomaly Detection & Response

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

A Trojan horse is a type of malware that disguises itself as a legitimate applicationto trick users into installing it.

Transmission methods:

A. Exploiting vulnerabilities→ Attackers use system/software vulnerabilities to inject Trojans.

B. Bundled in software→ Trojans are included in cracked software or pirated applications.

C. Downloaded from third-party sites→ Users unknowingly install malware from untrusted sources.

D. Masquerading as useful software→ Fake tools trick users into installation.

Why are all options correct?

All listed methods are common ways Trojans spread.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Malware & Trojan Horse Attacks

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Aggressive modeis a faster IKE Phase 1 negotiation method butdoes not support NAT traversal (NAT-T) with AH.

NAT-T only works with ESP, because:

AH includes the original IP header in its integrity check, which breaks when NAT modifies the IP address.

ESP works with NAT-Tsince it does not include the original IP header in its integrity check.

Why is this statement false?

AH does not support NAT-T, soAH+ESP cannot be used in NAT traversal scenarios.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → IPsec VPN NAT Traversal

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

GRE over IPsecis used totunnel non-IP traffic, multicast, and dynamic routing protocolsover IPsec VPN.

Tunnel mode is requiredbecause:

Transport mode only encrypts the payload, but GRE needs the entireoriginal IP packet encrypted.

Tunnel mode encrypts the entire packet(original + GRE headers), ensuring full encapsulation.

Why is this statement true?

GRE over IPsec must use tunnel modeto fully encapsulate and protect packets.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → GRE over IPsec Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Network Access Control (NAC) and AAA work together for secure network access.

Key functions:

A. AAA handles user-to-device authentication.

B. NAC handles device-to-server authentication.

C. NAC supports 802.1X, MAC authentication, and Portal authentication.

D. AAA enforces authentication, authorization, and accounting.

Why are all options correct?

Each option correctly describes a function of NAC or AAA.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → NAC & AAA Integration